Beau,all receive the following coating applications.
1.Ecoat
2.Surface primer (some are powdercoat, others liquid, some are anti-chip all over, some just have an anti-chip added to leading edges over the liquid surface primer
3.Basecoat (color, this is water borne, otherwords the solvent is water)
4.Clearcoat. This is a hydrocarbon/water emulsion of the carrier solvent.
All vehicles clear application is started the same way, first the bells apply a coat to all exterior surfaces (some lower line do not get cleared in the engine and trunk compartments), then a second application of clear is applied, on some vehicle manufacturered, only the top surfaces, on higher end models the entire vehicle gets two coats.
This film build of clear is 1.5 to 2 mil.
Now, it gets interesting, as some of the very high end get a third coat of clear, resulting in a 2.5 to 3 mil film build.
This does not add protection, as only the top .5 (1/2) mil of the clear actually becomes dense in the curing process. However, the additional film build does increase the "depth" apperance of the clear.
The real key is if the following is done correctly.
1. Application is even
2. Bake temperature is correct
3. Bake time in the oven is for correct time.
Failure to do correctly any of the above and the
end result is things like "orange peel", dull appearing surfaces, overly soft clear or to hard of clear, etch/mar resistance is diminished, clear may delaminate in a couple of years, become powdery, exhibit loss of gloss, etc, etc.
One other item, apply to much or excessive film build, mainly in the clearcoat subject and it will fail prematurely. More is not always better in the application of highsolid/low solvent clearcoats,
Hope this provides you with a picture of what the issues are, I am always amazed when I consider that around 35 million vehicles are built each year worldwide and there is not more problems than there are!
