Bobby G
11-10-2006, 04:19 PM
If there is a single maintenance activity that offers the biggest benefit to your car`s appearance, it`s keeping your car clean through regular washing.` Washing is the process of removing loose dirt and road film from your car`s exterior surfaces.` That means more than just a good hosing.` You have to scrub it with
wash shampoo (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Car-Wash/) and a car wash sponge or wash mitt (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Wash-Mitts-Sponges/).
Washing can be a double-edged sword, though, as even the mildest soaps can remove the protection from your car`s paint, causing premature oxidation.` Detergents can dull your car`s finish even faster.` For many years, BMW, Jaguar, Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari and many other fine-automobile makers recommended using only pure water to wash your car.
The high-quality car wash shampoos made today are very gentle on paint, plastic and rubber.` A good car wash shampoo provides lubrication to prevent scratching and conditioners to maintain the shine.` Be sure to select a quality product that`s not counterproductive to your detailing efforts.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/996%20Washing%20Lower.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">As well as a good shampoo, it takes a variety of tools to correctly wash a car.` I like using brushes to clean hard-to-reach areas, such as between body panels.` I also like using brushes on lower body panels, where road grease and tar collect.` Make sure your wash brushes are paint-safe. </td></tr></table>
<h3>CAR WASH & DRY TOOLS</h3>A towel is a towel, right?` Unfortunately, this is not correct.` If you grew up in a house like mine, Mom retired the old bath towels to the garage for car and dog duty.` What Mom didn`t realize is that most bath towels use a backing material that contains heavy polyester thread.` The edges of the towel are stitched with polyester thread, too.` Pound for pound, polyester is stronger than steel.` This is great for long-lasting bath towels, but it`s not so good for your car`s paint. ` Traditional polyester and polyester blend thread scratches automotive paint finishes.` Use paint-safe microfiber or 100% cotton detailing towels.
Your choice of wash tools is important, too.` You should find a wash tool that is comfortable for you to use, but take a few things into consideration.` First, your wash tool should hold a lot of soapy water.` The more it holds, the more soapy water you can get on your car. ` This is important for lubrication.` The lubrication created by soapy water is what prevents dirt from scratching the paint.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Sonus%20Ultimate%20Wash%20Mitt.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top"> I like genuine wool wash mitts (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Wool+Wash+Mitt) because they release dirt a grit easily.` While they may not last as long as a sponge, they also don`t put swirls in your paint.` A great alternative to the wool wash mitt is a microfiber chenille wash mitt (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Microfiber+Wash+Mitt).</td></tr></table>
Use a wash tool that cleans easily.` If it does not easily release dirt and grit, it`s not safe.` I like wash tools with a lot of fibers, like a lamb`s wool mitt or a cotton-chenille-covered sponge.` Contrary to many beliefs, the natural sea sponge and the boar`s hair brush are not good wash tools.` Modern wash tools make these relics things of the past.` A safe wash brush can be used on the lower body panels, but should not be used above the bottom-of-the-door line.
The recent popularity of microfiber has created a large number of microfiber products, including microfiber wash mitts.` In my own testing I have concluded that many of the microfiber wash mitts are not paint safe.` If the fibers have hooked or split ends, designed for dry cleaning and dusting, the cloth will not be free-rinsing.` This means that the cloth will retain dirt until it is heavily agitated in a washing machine.``The retained dirt particles may scratch your paint.
For drying, a combination of tools may be necessary.` The sheepskin chamois has been used for centuries as a towel for drying.` This naturally soft leather is very absorbent.` All-natural chamois are still a good choice, but they are not as effective or as easy to use as modern drying towels and synthetic chamois.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/DerWunderDryingTowel.jpg%20</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">For me, nothing works better than a "waffle weave" microfiber drying towel (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=microfiber+drying+towel).` These towels are super soft and very absorbent.</td></tr></table>
If you like to dry in a hurry, there are paint-safe squeegees available that will quickly remove 80% of the water from your car with just a few strokes.` Follow up with a good towel, and you`re done.` If you use a paint-safe squeegee, be careful.` It only takes one small dirt particle between the blade and your car to create a scratch.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Speedblade.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">A paint-safe squeegee (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=water+blade) makes drying much faster.` Use only a` paint-safe squeegee on a wet surface.` One pass is enough to remove the surface water for fast drying.</td></tr></table>
<h3>PROPER TIRE & WHEEL CLEANING</h3>Your car`s wheels can dramatically enhance the appearance and performance of your automobile.` Modern wheels can also present a substantial cleaning challenge, as heated dust particles from brake pads bombard the wheel and bake into the finish.` If these dust particles are left on the wheel, a phenomenon known as galvanic corrosion sets in, which will eventually destroy your wheel`s appearance.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Boxster%20Speedster.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">The Kinesis wheels on this Porsche Boxster have polished aluminum rims that require frequent maintenance.` I use an acid-free wheel cleaner (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Tire-Wheel-Cleaners/) and a soft wheel brush (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=wheel+brush)` for ultra-safe cleaning.</td></tr></table>
Most modern wheels, in particular high-performance aluminum wheels, are painted with the same type of paint and clearcoat used on the body of the vehicle.` While durable, the wheel`s clearcoat finish is subject to damage from acid compounds, including acid rain, hydrocarbons and acidic cleaners.` Likewise, polished and anodized aluminum wheels, not typically protected by a clearcoat, will react (dull or corrode) to both alkaline and acidic conditions.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Dirty%20Wheel%202.jpg`</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">This BMW wheel is excessively dirty.` The brake dust was allowed to sit and bake on the wheel for several weeks.` Regular washing will not clean this wheel completely.` It will require a strong wash solution and 30 to 45 minutes of restoration work.` You can avoid the heavy cleaning and restoration work by treating your fine wheels with a wheel wax product (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Wheel-Waxes-Sealants/) or your favorite cleaner wax.`</td></tr></table>
Unfortunately, typical car wash soaps and household cleaners are not strong enough to break the bond between brake dust, road tar, road grime and the wheel.` To properly clean wheels, the car care industry has developed two groups of wheel cleaners: acid and acid-free.` Acid-based wheel cleaners are widely used by detailers and car washes, who need to clean wheels in a hurry.` Acid-based cleaners are typically 2% solutions of oxalic, phosphoric and hydrochloric acid.` An acid cleaner has no place on any aluminum or fine after-market wheel.Acid-free wheel cleaners are mild solutions of alkaline solvent, usually ethylene glycol, with a wetting agent.` These solutions creep under dirt and brake dust to loosen and lift.` Non-acidic cleaners usually require some surface agitation, but are safer to use and will not etch the wheel`s finish.
Like the wheels, your tires have several formidable enemies, including water, formaldehyde, petroleum distillates, ultraviolet (UV) light and ozone.` Water washes away the natural oils and waxes in rubber that keep it elastic.` Formaldehyde and petroleum distillates act as solvents, eating rubber on contact.` When ozone is combined with UV light, a reaction occurs that attacks the tire and its polymers.
To protect against ozone and UV damage, a stabilizer molecule called a competitive absorber is blended with the tire polymer.` Competitive absorbers work by capturing and absorbing UV radiation and converting it to heat, which is dissipated harmlessly.` All tire manufacturers use the same competitive absorber, called carbon black.` This is why most tires are black.` These absorbers are sacrificial; they expend themselves in performing their function of converting UV light to heat.` However, as carbon black loses its ability to perform, it turns gray.` This is one reason tires tend to discolor with age.
To protect tires from further ozone damage, tire manufacturers add a wax compound to their formulas.` Tires flex when they are in motion, causing the wax molecules to migrate to the surface.` This forms a protective barrier between the air (ozone and oxygen) and the tire polymer.` In the tire trade this is called blooming.` When tires are parked for extended periods, blooming does not occur, and ozone quickly attacks the tire polymer.` With UV light and ozone working in concert, the degradation is accelerated, resulting in drying, discoloration and cracking.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Chrome%20Wheel%20Before.jpg</td> <td width="90%" valign="top">The tires on this truck have gone without dressing or any other form of protection.` Notice how dry the tire is; there is no natural sheen remaining.` It`s going to take some work to get them clean and ready for protection.</td></tr><tr> <td width="10%" valign="top">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Chrome%20Wheel%20After.jpg</td> <td width="90%" valign="top">After scrubbing twice with with a tire and wheel cleaner and a good brush, the tire and wheel are ready for dressing and metal polish.</td></tr></table>
To combat the negative effects of water, solvents and UV light on tires, the car care industry makes tire dressings.` Tire dressings fall into two groups: oil-based and water-based silicones.
Oil-based silicone dressings are non-penetrating coatings that seal rubber and vinyl.` They are very good at providing a protective surface barrier.` Oil-based silicone dressings create a glossy film that never really dries.` I`m not a fan of these products, as most contain petroleum distillates as a cleaning agent.` Petroleum distillates are harmful to rubber and vinyl, and will cause cracking.
Water-based dressings do not contain oils or petroleum distillates that can harm and dull the surface of rubber and vinyl over time.` Most water-based dressings offer a non-greasy, more natural looking satin finish; however, they are not as durable as the oil-based products.
<h3>How-to Clean Tires & Wheels</h3>To properly clean your tires and wheels, you will need a 3- to 5-gallon bucket, a soft tire and wheel scrub brush, a sponge or washcloth, a water hose and nozzle, car shampoo and a spray wheel cleaner.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Dirty%20Wheel%201.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">This BMW wheel has collected about 300 miles of brake dust in the week since its last washing.` As the brake dust has not had a chance to set, it will not be difficult to clean with soap, water and a good brush.</td></tr></table>
Warning: Do not clean your wheels if they are still hot from driving.` Let them cool, or thoroughly hose them down.` Be aware that if your brakes are hot, spraying them with cold water may cause severe damage.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%202.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%">I have a variety of brushes and sponges I use to clean tires, wheels and wheel wells.` I really like a flared wheel brush for getting into all of the little nooks and crannies.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="10%" valign="top"><a href="http://autopia.org/affiliates/jrox.php?id=103_1_tlid_91">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Round%20Wheel%20Brush.jpg</td><td width="90%" valign="top">If you have intricate wheels, a round brush, such as this 1-inch round natural detail brush is a must.` The bristles are very soft and there`s no metal that will scratch the wheels.</td></tr></table>
Here are some step-by-step tips to make cleaning easier: Clean one wheel at a time. Clean your tires and wheels first before washing the rest of the car.` This prevents the splattering of cleaners, dirt and brake dust on already cleaned panels.` Your car is also less likely to get water spots from drying while you wash your wheels.
Mix a bucket of soapy water with your favorite car shampoo, using double the recommended strength.
Thoroughly rinse the tire and wheel with water using a hose and spray nozzle.` If it is exposed, rinse the brake caliper to flush away loose brake dust.` Finally, rinse up into the wheel well to wash away road grunge, road kill, mud and other debris.`
If your tires and wheels have a heavy coating of brake dust or road grime, spray them down with your wheel cleaner.` Allow the cleaner to soak for 30 seconds (minimum) to 3 minutes (maximum).`
Use tire and wheel scrub brushes and your soapy water to agitate the tire and wheel surface.` Use plenty of soapy water.` The soap acts as a lubricant to gently lift dirt and grit away from your wheels.` Follow up with your sponge or washcloth to wash the remaining dirt from the tire and wheel.` If your wheels have large open areas, use the sponge to get behind these areas.` Make sure the tires are scrubbed.` Many people put layer upon layer of dressings on their tires, but never clean them.` The result is a brown or yellow discoloration.
Use your wheel brush and soapy water to scrub the accessible areas of the wheel wells, too.` This small detail keeps your car looking fresh and new.`If your wheel has a lot of small nooks and crannies, use a parts cleaning brush.
Thoroughly rinse the tire, wheel and wheel well.` Use plenty of water.` You need to ensure that all traces of the wheel cleaner (and your neighbor`s cat) are gone.
After washing your car, remember to dry your tires and wheels using a detailing towel.
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%203.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 1: Make sure the wheel is cool.` Hose off loose brake dust before applying wheel cleaner.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%204.jpg</td></tr><tr> <td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 2: Spray the tire and wheel thoroughly with cleaner.` Allow the cleaner to work for about a minute before scrubbing.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%205.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 3: Scrub the tire and wheel face thoroughly with your favorite tire brush and wheel brush.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%206.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 4: Hose off and dry.` Be sure to rinse thoroughly to neutralize the cleaner.</td></tr></table>
I do not recommend using tire cleaners containing bleach.` Bleach is used in many tire cleaners to brighten whitewall tires, but they can turn tires a dull gray.` Bleach will stain your alloy wheels permanently.` Read the product contents on the label before you buy.
<h3>PROPER CAR WASHING</h3>Many enthusiasts and quality detailers use a two-bucket wash system.` The first bucket holds your soapy water, and the second bucket holds rinse water.` The rinse water bucket is used to rinse your wash sponge or mitt prior to dunking it in the bucket of soapy water.` This method has two practical benefits.` First and foremost, it keeps dirt and grit out of your soapy water where it could cause damage to your car.` Second, it makes the suds in your soapy water last longer, because your car wash shampoo does not have to react to dirt you`re putting back into the water.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Sonus%20Pro%20Bucket.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">A safe alternative to using two buckets is this professional bucket system
made by Grit Guard.` The patented
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Grit+Guard">Grit Guard
insert sits in the bottom of the bucket, effectively keeping your wash mitt away from the harmful dirt.</td> </tr></table>
Here are some tips to make car washing easier:
<ul> Make sure your car is cool.` If possible, work in the shade.` A hot surface causes the wash and rinse water to evaporate too quickly, increasing the likelihood of water spotting.` One trick is to park on a slight incline.` This allows rinse water to run off moldings, trim and recessed areas better.` Start by thoroughly wetting the car`s finish with a medium spray of water to remove loose grit and surface dirt.
Wash the tires and wheels first.` If you wash the car body first, the water will dry and spot your car before you can properly finish washing the tires and wheels.` Do not use the same wash water on your car`s paint as you used on your tires and wheels.` Throw the dirty water out and refill your buckets.
Spot treat bug, tar, sap and bird stains.` For stubborn problems on your paint and other surfaces, use an insect remover or pre-wash cleaner.` If the contamination has a lot of grip, use a paint-safe bug sponge.[/list]
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Bug%20Cleaning.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">If the car has bugs on the grill and bumper area, I pre-treat the bug spots with an insect remover or pre-wash spray
and scrub with a
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=bug+sponge">
bug sponge.</td></tr></table><ul> Use a car wash shampoo specifically formulated for automotive use.` Look for a shampoo containing surface conditioners and gloss enhancers.` The surface conditioners act as a lubricant, allowing sand and abrasive grit to slide off in the rinse water without scratching the surface.` Quality car shampoos cost a little more, but are worth every penny.` If you have a dark car and constantly fight swirl marks, upgrade your wash shampoo, wash mitt and towels. Use a quality wash tool.` I prefer a sheepskin wash mitt or microfiber wash mitt for washing.` These tools have a large number of fine filaments that draw dirt and grime away from the surface being cleaned into their internal structure.` Synthetic (flat-sided) sponges and washcloths can trap dirt, grit and grime on the surface, which can scratch your car`s paint.` Cotton chenille wash mitts and pads are also excellent, as they hold lots of soapy water and are gentle to your paint.[/list]
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Washing%201.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">Make sure the wash mitt or sponge you choose holds plenty of soapy water.` The soapy water helps prevent scratching.` Use lots of soapy water and rinse your wash mitt frequently.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top"><p align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Washing%203.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">When you`re not using your wash mitt or sponge, toss it in the bucket, not on the ground.` I`ve seen my neighbors do this and then wonder why they have so many unexplained scratches in their paint.</td> </tr></table>
<ul> Wash from the top down and rinse the car often. Frequent rinsing is especially important if the car is excessively dirty.` If you are washing on a warm day, keep the whole car wet to prevent spotting.` I use a final rinse of free-flowing water (nozzle off the hose), allowing the water to sheet off the car.` This makes drying faster.[/list]
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http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Shampooing.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">Here I`m breaking my number one rule by washing my car in the sun.` If you have to work in the sun, work fast and keep the car wet by rinsing often.` This is morning sunlight, and the temperature is below 72 degrees.` If it was much warmer, I would not be washing the Boxster in the sun.` You be the judge.</td></tr></table>
<h3>Car Drying Tips</h3>Before drying, your car should be freshly rinsed and free of visible dirt, grease and oil.` Here`s the proper way to dry your car.
<ul> Remove the hose nozzle from your hose, and turn the water on with medium pressure.` Rinse your car, allowing the water to flow freely over the surface (do not spray the water).` The free-flowing action will cause the water to sheet off, carrying 80% or more of the surface water with it.` Allow the car to drip dry for a minute while you get your drying tools.
If you have a paint-safe squeegee, use it on the windows first.` Follow the squeegee with a synthetic chamois or a microfiber drying towel.`
Use a clean drying towel or synthetic chamois to dry the remainder of the car.` Start at the top of the car and work down.` If you`re using a large drying towel or chamois, throw it out over the flat surface areas and slowly pull it toward you across the surface of the car.` Shake and turn your drying towel frequently.` To prevent streaking, fold your chamois or towel into a square for wiping.
Once the exterior is mostly dry, open the doors and wipe down the jambs, sills and seal areas.` Be sure to dry under the doors, or your sills will get wet again as soon as you close the doors.`
Use a terry detailing towel to dry your tires and wheels.` Do not use your good chamois or drying towel on the tires and wheels, as it will become soiled.
Open the trunk and hood, and wipe down the jambs and seals.` On the engine, use the damp towel you used to dry the tires and wheels to remove dust and light oil from the top of the engine and engine compartment surfaces.` While the hood is open and you have a towel, check your oil.` After you finish wiping down your engine, put the dirty towel in the wash.` Don`t use it on your car again until you wash it.[/list]
<h3>After Washing & Drying Your Car</h3>Regardless of how gentle your car shampoo is, or when you last waxed your car, driving and washing deplete the wax protection you`ve applied to your car.` For this reason, I like to use a quick detailing spray on my car after washing.` A good detailing spray renews the "just waxed" shine and extends the life of your wax.
Your tires and exterior rubber trim need a little shot of protection, too.` A quick wipe with your favorite protectant not only improves the look of the car, but also has a lasting effect on long-term wear.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://autopia.org/ebook/cayman_tire.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">After you apply your tire and trim dressing (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=tire+dressing), don`t forget to buff it down to remove any excess dressing.` You don`t want it to sling off your tire on to your freshly washed car. </td></tr></table>
<h3>CAR WASHING & DRYING SUMMARY</h3>Regular washing is very important to maintaining your car`s appearance.` Most people forget some of the simple, quick steps that can keep a new car looking new.` Take just a few extra minutes when you wash to wipe down the engine, door jambs and trunk.` Keeping these areas clean prevents a bigger cleanup job later.` To make your job easier and more enjoyable, invest in a few good detailing tools.` Quality wash and dry tools make a huge difference.
wash shampoo (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Car-Wash/) and a car wash sponge or wash mitt (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Wash-Mitts-Sponges/).
Washing can be a double-edged sword, though, as even the mildest soaps can remove the protection from your car`s paint, causing premature oxidation.` Detergents can dull your car`s finish even faster.` For many years, BMW, Jaguar, Mercedes-Benz, Ferrari and many other fine-automobile makers recommended using only pure water to wash your car.
The high-quality car wash shampoos made today are very gentle on paint, plastic and rubber.` A good car wash shampoo provides lubrication to prevent scratching and conditioners to maintain the shine.` Be sure to select a quality product that`s not counterproductive to your detailing efforts.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/996%20Washing%20Lower.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">As well as a good shampoo, it takes a variety of tools to correctly wash a car.` I like using brushes to clean hard-to-reach areas, such as between body panels.` I also like using brushes on lower body panels, where road grease and tar collect.` Make sure your wash brushes are paint-safe. </td></tr></table>
<h3>CAR WASH & DRY TOOLS</h3>A towel is a towel, right?` Unfortunately, this is not correct.` If you grew up in a house like mine, Mom retired the old bath towels to the garage for car and dog duty.` What Mom didn`t realize is that most bath towels use a backing material that contains heavy polyester thread.` The edges of the towel are stitched with polyester thread, too.` Pound for pound, polyester is stronger than steel.` This is great for long-lasting bath towels, but it`s not so good for your car`s paint. ` Traditional polyester and polyester blend thread scratches automotive paint finishes.` Use paint-safe microfiber or 100% cotton detailing towels.
Your choice of wash tools is important, too.` You should find a wash tool that is comfortable for you to use, but take a few things into consideration.` First, your wash tool should hold a lot of soapy water.` The more it holds, the more soapy water you can get on your car. ` This is important for lubrication.` The lubrication created by soapy water is what prevents dirt from scratching the paint.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Sonus%20Ultimate%20Wash%20Mitt.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top"> I like genuine wool wash mitts (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Wool+Wash+Mitt) because they release dirt a grit easily.` While they may not last as long as a sponge, they also don`t put swirls in your paint.` A great alternative to the wool wash mitt is a microfiber chenille wash mitt (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Microfiber+Wash+Mitt).</td></tr></table>
Use a wash tool that cleans easily.` If it does not easily release dirt and grit, it`s not safe.` I like wash tools with a lot of fibers, like a lamb`s wool mitt or a cotton-chenille-covered sponge.` Contrary to many beliefs, the natural sea sponge and the boar`s hair brush are not good wash tools.` Modern wash tools make these relics things of the past.` A safe wash brush can be used on the lower body panels, but should not be used above the bottom-of-the-door line.
The recent popularity of microfiber has created a large number of microfiber products, including microfiber wash mitts.` In my own testing I have concluded that many of the microfiber wash mitts are not paint safe.` If the fibers have hooked or split ends, designed for dry cleaning and dusting, the cloth will not be free-rinsing.` This means that the cloth will retain dirt until it is heavily agitated in a washing machine.``The retained dirt particles may scratch your paint.
For drying, a combination of tools may be necessary.` The sheepskin chamois has been used for centuries as a towel for drying.` This naturally soft leather is very absorbent.` All-natural chamois are still a good choice, but they are not as effective or as easy to use as modern drying towels and synthetic chamois.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/DerWunderDryingTowel.jpg%20</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">For me, nothing works better than a "waffle weave" microfiber drying towel (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=microfiber+drying+towel).` These towels are super soft and very absorbent.</td></tr></table>
If you like to dry in a hurry, there are paint-safe squeegees available that will quickly remove 80% of the water from your car with just a few strokes.` Follow up with a good towel, and you`re done.` If you use a paint-safe squeegee, be careful.` It only takes one small dirt particle between the blade and your car to create a scratch.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Speedblade.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">A paint-safe squeegee (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=water+blade) makes drying much faster.` Use only a` paint-safe squeegee on a wet surface.` One pass is enough to remove the surface water for fast drying.</td></tr></table>
<h3>PROPER TIRE & WHEEL CLEANING</h3>Your car`s wheels can dramatically enhance the appearance and performance of your automobile.` Modern wheels can also present a substantial cleaning challenge, as heated dust particles from brake pads bombard the wheel and bake into the finish.` If these dust particles are left on the wheel, a phenomenon known as galvanic corrosion sets in, which will eventually destroy your wheel`s appearance.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Boxster%20Speedster.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">The Kinesis wheels on this Porsche Boxster have polished aluminum rims that require frequent maintenance.` I use an acid-free wheel cleaner (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Tire-Wheel-Cleaners/) and a soft wheel brush (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=wheel+brush)` for ultra-safe cleaning.</td></tr></table>
Most modern wheels, in particular high-performance aluminum wheels, are painted with the same type of paint and clearcoat used on the body of the vehicle.` While durable, the wheel`s clearcoat finish is subject to damage from acid compounds, including acid rain, hydrocarbons and acidic cleaners.` Likewise, polished and anodized aluminum wheels, not typically protected by a clearcoat, will react (dull or corrode) to both alkaline and acidic conditions.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Dirty%20Wheel%202.jpg`</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">This BMW wheel is excessively dirty.` The brake dust was allowed to sit and bake on the wheel for several weeks.` Regular washing will not clean this wheel completely.` It will require a strong wash solution and 30 to 45 minutes of restoration work.` You can avoid the heavy cleaning and restoration work by treating your fine wheels with a wheel wax product (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/category/Wheel-Waxes-Sealants/) or your favorite cleaner wax.`</td></tr></table>
Unfortunately, typical car wash soaps and household cleaners are not strong enough to break the bond between brake dust, road tar, road grime and the wheel.` To properly clean wheels, the car care industry has developed two groups of wheel cleaners: acid and acid-free.` Acid-based wheel cleaners are widely used by detailers and car washes, who need to clean wheels in a hurry.` Acid-based cleaners are typically 2% solutions of oxalic, phosphoric and hydrochloric acid.` An acid cleaner has no place on any aluminum or fine after-market wheel.Acid-free wheel cleaners are mild solutions of alkaline solvent, usually ethylene glycol, with a wetting agent.` These solutions creep under dirt and brake dust to loosen and lift.` Non-acidic cleaners usually require some surface agitation, but are safer to use and will not etch the wheel`s finish.
Like the wheels, your tires have several formidable enemies, including water, formaldehyde, petroleum distillates, ultraviolet (UV) light and ozone.` Water washes away the natural oils and waxes in rubber that keep it elastic.` Formaldehyde and petroleum distillates act as solvents, eating rubber on contact.` When ozone is combined with UV light, a reaction occurs that attacks the tire and its polymers.
To protect against ozone and UV damage, a stabilizer molecule called a competitive absorber is blended with the tire polymer.` Competitive absorbers work by capturing and absorbing UV radiation and converting it to heat, which is dissipated harmlessly.` All tire manufacturers use the same competitive absorber, called carbon black.` This is why most tires are black.` These absorbers are sacrificial; they expend themselves in performing their function of converting UV light to heat.` However, as carbon black loses its ability to perform, it turns gray.` This is one reason tires tend to discolor with age.
To protect tires from further ozone damage, tire manufacturers add a wax compound to their formulas.` Tires flex when they are in motion, causing the wax molecules to migrate to the surface.` This forms a protective barrier between the air (ozone and oxygen) and the tire polymer.` In the tire trade this is called blooming.` When tires are parked for extended periods, blooming does not occur, and ozone quickly attacks the tire polymer.` With UV light and ozone working in concert, the degradation is accelerated, resulting in drying, discoloration and cracking.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="10%" valign="top">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Chrome%20Wheel%20Before.jpg</td> <td width="90%" valign="top">The tires on this truck have gone without dressing or any other form of protection.` Notice how dry the tire is; there is no natural sheen remaining.` It`s going to take some work to get them clean and ready for protection.</td></tr><tr> <td width="10%" valign="top">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Chrome%20Wheel%20After.jpg</td> <td width="90%" valign="top">After scrubbing twice with with a tire and wheel cleaner and a good brush, the tire and wheel are ready for dressing and metal polish.</td></tr></table>
To combat the negative effects of water, solvents and UV light on tires, the car care industry makes tire dressings.` Tire dressings fall into two groups: oil-based and water-based silicones.
Oil-based silicone dressings are non-penetrating coatings that seal rubber and vinyl.` They are very good at providing a protective surface barrier.` Oil-based silicone dressings create a glossy film that never really dries.` I`m not a fan of these products, as most contain petroleum distillates as a cleaning agent.` Petroleum distillates are harmful to rubber and vinyl, and will cause cracking.
Water-based dressings do not contain oils or petroleum distillates that can harm and dull the surface of rubber and vinyl over time.` Most water-based dressings offer a non-greasy, more natural looking satin finish; however, they are not as durable as the oil-based products.
<h3>How-to Clean Tires & Wheels</h3>To properly clean your tires and wheels, you will need a 3- to 5-gallon bucket, a soft tire and wheel scrub brush, a sponge or washcloth, a water hose and nozzle, car shampoo and a spray wheel cleaner.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Dirty%20Wheel%201.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">This BMW wheel has collected about 300 miles of brake dust in the week since its last washing.` As the brake dust has not had a chance to set, it will not be difficult to clean with soap, water and a good brush.</td></tr></table>
Warning: Do not clean your wheels if they are still hot from driving.` Let them cool, or thoroughly hose them down.` Be aware that if your brakes are hot, spraying them with cold water may cause severe damage.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%202.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%">I have a variety of brushes and sponges I use to clean tires, wheels and wheel wells.` I really like a flared wheel brush for getting into all of the little nooks and crannies.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="10%" valign="top"><a href="http://autopia.org/affiliates/jrox.php?id=103_1_tlid_91">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Round%20Wheel%20Brush.jpg</td><td width="90%" valign="top">If you have intricate wheels, a round brush, such as this 1-inch round natural detail brush is a must.` The bristles are very soft and there`s no metal that will scratch the wheels.</td></tr></table>
Here are some step-by-step tips to make cleaning easier: Clean one wheel at a time. Clean your tires and wheels first before washing the rest of the car.` This prevents the splattering of cleaners, dirt and brake dust on already cleaned panels.` Your car is also less likely to get water spots from drying while you wash your wheels.
Mix a bucket of soapy water with your favorite car shampoo, using double the recommended strength.
Thoroughly rinse the tire and wheel with water using a hose and spray nozzle.` If it is exposed, rinse the brake caliper to flush away loose brake dust.` Finally, rinse up into the wheel well to wash away road grunge, road kill, mud and other debris.`
If your tires and wheels have a heavy coating of brake dust or road grime, spray them down with your wheel cleaner.` Allow the cleaner to soak for 30 seconds (minimum) to 3 minutes (maximum).`
Use tire and wheel scrub brushes and your soapy water to agitate the tire and wheel surface.` Use plenty of soapy water.` The soap acts as a lubricant to gently lift dirt and grit away from your wheels.` Follow up with your sponge or washcloth to wash the remaining dirt from the tire and wheel.` If your wheels have large open areas, use the sponge to get behind these areas.` Make sure the tires are scrubbed.` Many people put layer upon layer of dressings on their tires, but never clean them.` The result is a brown or yellow discoloration.
Use your wheel brush and soapy water to scrub the accessible areas of the wheel wells, too.` This small detail keeps your car looking fresh and new.`If your wheel has a lot of small nooks and crannies, use a parts cleaning brush.
Thoroughly rinse the tire, wheel and wheel well.` Use plenty of water.` You need to ensure that all traces of the wheel cleaner (and your neighbor`s cat) are gone.
After washing your car, remember to dry your tires and wheels using a detailing towel.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%203.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 1: Make sure the wheel is cool.` Hose off loose brake dust before applying wheel cleaner.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%204.jpg</td></tr><tr> <td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 2: Spray the tire and wheel thoroughly with cleaner.` Allow the cleaner to work for about a minute before scrubbing.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%205.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 3: Scrub the tire and wheel face thoroughly with your favorite tire brush and wheel brush.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Wheel%20Cleaning%206.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">STEP 4: Hose off and dry.` Be sure to rinse thoroughly to neutralize the cleaner.</td></tr></table>
I do not recommend using tire cleaners containing bleach.` Bleach is used in many tire cleaners to brighten whitewall tires, but they can turn tires a dull gray.` Bleach will stain your alloy wheels permanently.` Read the product contents on the label before you buy.
<h3>PROPER CAR WASHING</h3>Many enthusiasts and quality detailers use a two-bucket wash system.` The first bucket holds your soapy water, and the second bucket holds rinse water.` The rinse water bucket is used to rinse your wash sponge or mitt prior to dunking it in the bucket of soapy water.` This method has two practical benefits.` First and foremost, it keeps dirt and grit out of your soapy water where it could cause damage to your car.` Second, it makes the suds in your soapy water last longer, because your car wash shampoo does not have to react to dirt you`re putting back into the water.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Sonus%20Pro%20Bucket.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">A safe alternative to using two buckets is this professional bucket system
made by Grit Guard.` The patented
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=Grit+Guard">Grit Guard
insert sits in the bottom of the bucket, effectively keeping your wash mitt away from the harmful dirt.</td> </tr></table>
Here are some tips to make car washing easier:
<ul> Make sure your car is cool.` If possible, work in the shade.` A hot surface causes the wash and rinse water to evaporate too quickly, increasing the likelihood of water spotting.` One trick is to park on a slight incline.` This allows rinse water to run off moldings, trim and recessed areas better.` Start by thoroughly wetting the car`s finish with a medium spray of water to remove loose grit and surface dirt.
Wash the tires and wheels first.` If you wash the car body first, the water will dry and spot your car before you can properly finish washing the tires and wheels.` Do not use the same wash water on your car`s paint as you used on your tires and wheels.` Throw the dirty water out and refill your buckets.
Spot treat bug, tar, sap and bird stains.` For stubborn problems on your paint and other surfaces, use an insect remover or pre-wash cleaner.` If the contamination has a lot of grip, use a paint-safe bug sponge.[/list]
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Bug%20Cleaning.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">If the car has bugs on the grill and bumper area, I pre-treat the bug spots with an insect remover or pre-wash spray
and scrub with a
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=bug+sponge">
bug sponge.</td></tr></table><ul> Use a car wash shampoo specifically formulated for automotive use.` Look for a shampoo containing surface conditioners and gloss enhancers.` The surface conditioners act as a lubricant, allowing sand and abrasive grit to slide off in the rinse water without scratching the surface.` Quality car shampoos cost a little more, but are worth every penny.` If you have a dark car and constantly fight swirl marks, upgrade your wash shampoo, wash mitt and towels. Use a quality wash tool.` I prefer a sheepskin wash mitt or microfiber wash mitt for washing.` These tools have a large number of fine filaments that draw dirt and grime away from the surface being cleaned into their internal structure.` Synthetic (flat-sided) sponges and washcloths can trap dirt, grit and grime on the surface, which can scratch your car`s paint.` Cotton chenille wash mitts and pads are also excellent, as they hold lots of soapy water and are gentle to your paint.[/list]
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Washing%201.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">Make sure the wash mitt or sponge you choose holds plenty of soapy water.` The soapy water helps prevent scratching.` Use lots of soapy water and rinse your wash mitt frequently.</td></tr></table><table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top"><p align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Washing%203.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">When you`re not using your wash mitt or sponge, toss it in the bucket, not on the ground.` I`ve seen my neighbors do this and then wonder why they have so many unexplained scratches in their paint.</td> </tr></table>
<ul> Wash from the top down and rinse the car often. Frequent rinsing is especially important if the car is excessively dirty.` If you are washing on a warm day, keep the whole car wet to prevent spotting.` I use a final rinse of free-flowing water (nozzle off the hose), allowing the water to sheet off the car.` This makes drying faster.[/list]
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://www.autopia.org/ebook/Shampooing.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">Here I`m breaking my number one rule by washing my car in the sun.` If you have to work in the sun, work fast and keep the car wet by rinsing often.` This is morning sunlight, and the temperature is below 72 degrees.` If it was much warmer, I would not be washing the Boxster in the sun.` You be the judge.</td></tr></table>
<h3>Car Drying Tips</h3>Before drying, your car should be freshly rinsed and free of visible dirt, grease and oil.` Here`s the proper way to dry your car.
<ul> Remove the hose nozzle from your hose, and turn the water on with medium pressure.` Rinse your car, allowing the water to flow freely over the surface (do not spray the water).` The free-flowing action will cause the water to sheet off, carrying 80% or more of the surface water with it.` Allow the car to drip dry for a minute while you get your drying tools.
If you have a paint-safe squeegee, use it on the windows first.` Follow the squeegee with a synthetic chamois or a microfiber drying towel.`
Use a clean drying towel or synthetic chamois to dry the remainder of the car.` Start at the top of the car and work down.` If you`re using a large drying towel or chamois, throw it out over the flat surface areas and slowly pull it toward you across the surface of the car.` Shake and turn your drying towel frequently.` To prevent streaking, fold your chamois or towel into a square for wiping.
Once the exterior is mostly dry, open the doors and wipe down the jambs, sills and seal areas.` Be sure to dry under the doors, or your sills will get wet again as soon as you close the doors.`
Use a terry detailing towel to dry your tires and wheels.` Do not use your good chamois or drying towel on the tires and wheels, as it will become soiled.
Open the trunk and hood, and wipe down the jambs and seals.` On the engine, use the damp towel you used to dry the tires and wheels to remove dust and light oil from the top of the engine and engine compartment surfaces.` While the hood is open and you have a towel, check your oil.` After you finish wiping down your engine, put the dirty towel in the wash.` Don`t use it on your car again until you wash it.[/list]
<h3>After Washing & Drying Your Car</h3>Regardless of how gentle your car shampoo is, or when you last waxed your car, driving and washing deplete the wax protection you`ve applied to your car.` For this reason, I like to use a quick detailing spray on my car after washing.` A good detailing spray renews the "just waxed" shine and extends the life of your wax.
Your tires and exterior rubber trim need a little shot of protection, too.` A quick wipe with your favorite protectant not only improves the look of the car, but also has a lasting effect on long-term wear.
<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="3" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" bgcolor="#CCCCCC"><tr><td width="100%" valign="top" align="center">
http://autopia.org/ebook/cayman_tire.jpg</td></tr><tr><td width="100%" valign="top">After you apply your tire and trim dressing (http://www.autopia.org/shopping/search.php?q=tire+dressing), don`t forget to buff it down to remove any excess dressing.` You don`t want it to sling off your tire on to your freshly washed car. </td></tr></table>
<h3>CAR WASHING & DRYING SUMMARY</h3>Regular washing is very important to maintaining your car`s appearance.` Most people forget some of the simple, quick steps that can keep a new car looking new.` Take just a few extra minutes when you wash to wipe down the engine, door jambs and trunk.` Keeping these areas clean prevents a bigger cleanup job later.` To make your job easier and more enjoyable, invest in a few good detailing tools.` Quality wash and dry tools make a huge difference.